Economizer for internal-combustion engines.



C. MERCHANT. ECONOMIZER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES. APPLICATION man JULY 3,1915.

1,289,859., Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

lmi lm zonm CHARLES MERCHANT, OF KANSAS CITY, KANSAS ECONOMIZEE FOB, INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, mi 8.

Application filed July 3,1915. Serial No. 37,881.

is it known that 1, CHARLES lilnimim'n'r, a *ci iizen of the llnited States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Wyandotte-and State of Kansas, have invented new and use ful lm 'irovmnents in conomizers for Internal-(omlmstion ies, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to economizers for internal combustion engines, the objectin view being to provide a simple device applicable to any internal combustion engine by means oi which liquid such as water and air either hot or cold may no introduced in the form of a spray into the. intake pipe of the engine in regulated quantities, whereby the explosive mixture is diluted, the temperature of the internal parts of the engine is maintained at the proper point to promote combustion and whereby also the internal working parts of the engine such as the cylinder walls, piston heads, valves, valve seats and the like are kept in a moistened condition, preventing: the accumulationof the engine and pie-ignition, at the same time increasing the efficiency of the engine and econoinizing in the quantity of fuel needed to main 'n the engine in operation, under full power.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts, as herein described, illustrated and claimed. The accoii'ipanying urawinp; represents partly in elevation and partly in section, the economizer of this invention in its applied relation to l intake pipe oi: an internal con'ibustion engine.

Referring to the drawings A designates the intake or any internal combustion engine carbon, the overheating of avoiding any possibility of and B the exhaust pipe thereof.

In carrying out the present invention, 1 employ a nozzle tube 1 which is inserted transversely through the intake pipe 1, said nozzle being formed with one or more perforations 2, the purpose of which will presently appear.

3 represents a taining water or liquid reservoir for conthe like, the same being located in elevated relation to the intakepipe A as clearly shown in the drawings. The reservoir 3 is connected to the upper end of the nozzle tube 1 by means of a pipe 4 through which the liquid from the reservoir 3 is adapted to pass to the nozzle tube. The

pipe 4 has incorporated therein a feed regulating needle valve 5 in order that the flow or the lmuid to the nozzle 1 may be increased or diminished as may be found necessary. The pipe also has incorporated therein a stop cock 6 by means of which the flow of liquid from the reservoir 3 may be entirely cut of? without disturbing the adjustment of the regulating valve The stem of the valve 6 is preferably provided with an operating arm 7 which may be connected to the throttle valve rod or connection so as to be operated simultaneously therewith in orderthat when the engine is throttled do an or stopped, the flow of liquid from the reservoir 3 is sin'iultaneously cut oil. Between the regulating valve 5 and the nozzle tube 1 there is lo *ated a sight feed 8 enabling the operator to observe the rapidity of feed of the liquid so as to properly adjust the regulating valve 5.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention. the opposite or lower extremity of the nozzle tube 1 has associated therewith a cold air connection or inlet nozzle 9 provided with a regulating; valve 10. Arranged at one side of the cold air connection 9 is a hot air pipe 11 one end of which connects with a hot air jacket 12 embracing the exhaust pipe B and the other end of which is united to the cold air connection 9 and has incorporated therein a. hot air regulating valve 13.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the operation of the device will now be understood. liquid in: any desired quantity is admitted to the nozzle tube 1 from the elevated reservoir 3, the amount of liquid being regulated by the alve 5 with the assistance of the sight gage 8. In accordance with the season of the year, cold air or hot air is ad-' mitted to the opposite end of the nozzle tube 1 and combines with the water or other liquid. being drawn by the suction of the piston or pistons of the engine through the perforations it passes with the explosive mixture thus diluted into the combustion chamber or chambers of the engine thereby moistening the walls of the cylinder, the piston head, valves and valve seats, etc, and maintaining the same at a proper temperature and preventing: the accumulation of carbon in the engine and the burning of the lubricating oil on the piston and cylinder heads. and upon the valves and their seats; In warm weather,

into the intake pipe A Where.

. lower end of the nozzle tube.

'cumulation of carbon while the hot air regulating valve 13 may be closed and only cold air admitted by means of the valve 10 and on the other hand in cold.

weather, the of the valve cold air may be cut off by means 10 and hot air admitted to the In both hot and cold Weather, however, a'fine spray of liquid is drawn into the intake pipe and consequently into the engine cylinders and valve chambers for the purpose above stated. This effects a material saving in fuel and lubricating oil by diluting the explosive mixture, and also materially reduces the acpreventing the overheating of the engine, thus enabling the engine to maintain its maximum efiiciency bothas regards power and speed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim zv i I An economizer for internal combustion engines adapted to be connected to and to communicate with the intake pipe of the engine, comprising a vertically disposed nozzle tube adapted to receive liquid at one end and air at the other endand having an outlet port between its ends, a liquid reservoir in communication with the upper end of said nozzle tube, sight feed means for regulating the feed of liquidgfrom said reservoir to said nozzle tube, and valve controlled hot and cold air connections in communication with the lower eiid of whereby the incoming air opposite directions and nozzle tube.

In testimony whereof I my signature in presence of two Witnesses.-

CHARLES MERCHANT. Witnesses i H INILFRE 'B' 'rToMLE Y,

and liquid move in meet wlthln said said nozzle tube, v 

